2 research outputs found
Resistance against Dickeya solani in potato with the help of a susceptibility gene
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a staple crop across Europe, including Sweden. Among the reasons why it is so ubiquitous is its fairly easy cultivation, good adaptability to various climates, and high nutritional value. Today’s potato production is based on disease-free seed tubers. However, this technology often proves to be insufficient. Seed tubers serve as a target for accumulation of pests and pathogens, and one such pathogen is the necrotrophic bacterium Dickeya solani, which causes blackleg and soft rot. Due to its ability to macerate plant tissue and cause severe damages in the field, it is responsible for substantial yield losses across Europe. Consequentially, D. solani is treated as a quarantine organism in some countries. More importantly for this study, its presence has been reported in Sweden.
In the present study, a new approach to potentially offer a durable and broad-spectrum disease resistance towards D. solani and some other pathogens is explored.
Susceptibility genes encode products that are required for the pathogen’s survival or proliferation, thus making a plant more susceptible to disease development. By silencing the homologs of the susceptibility gene Downy Mildew Resistant 6 (DMR6) in diploid DM1- 3516 R44 and tetraploid Desirée background using RNA interference, an enhanced resistance was anticipated. Pleiotropic growth effects of DMR6 silencing were investigated and greenhouse-based infection assays were carried out. Two silenced RNAi silenced Desirée lines were tested, however, only one (dmr6-6) showed promising results as it repeatedly had smaller blackleg symptoms, high constitutive PR-1 expression, and showed no developmental and growth impairments compared to the corresponding wild type. Four diploid DM1-3516 R44 DMR6 silenced lines exhibited no growth impairments. This study indicates a potential of DMR6 for the further research in potato as an interesting target in potato breeding programs
Modelling illustrates that genomic selection provides new opportunities for intercrop breeding
Intercrop breeding programs using genomic selection can produce faster genetic
gain than intercrop breeding programs using phenotypic selection. Intercropping is
an agricultural practice in which two or more component crops are grown together.
It can lead to enhanced soil structure and fertility, improved weed suppression, and
better control of pests and diseases. Especially in subsistence agriculture, intercropping
has great potential to optimize farming and increase profitability. However, breeding
for intercrop varieties is complex as it requires simultaneous improvement of two or
more component crops that combine well in the field. We hypothesize that genomic
selection can significantly simplify and accelerate the process of breeding crops for
intercropping. Therefore, we used stochastic simulation to compare four different
intercrop breeding programs implementing genomic selection and an intercrop breeding
program entirely based on phenotypic selection. We assumed three different levels of
genetic correlation between monocrop grain yield and intercrop grain yield to investigate
how the different breeding strategies are impacted by this factor. We found that
all four simulated breeding programs using genomic selection produced significantly
more intercrop genetic gain than the phenotypic selection program regardless of the
genetic correlation with monocrop yield.We suggest a genomic selection strategy which
combines monocrop and intercrop trait information to predict general intercropping
ability to increase selection accuracy in the early stages of a breeding program and
to minimize the generation interval